Improved machine for making nails for horseshoes



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NPEYER KOTO- IIOGR E W S NGYO U C @sind gaat@ WILLIAM WICKERSHAM, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Bateiits No. 97 ,14],datctl NcfrcmbmzQ, 1869.

' IMPROVED MACHINE POR MAKING NQAILS FOR HORSESI-IOES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making pari'. of Athe same.

To all whom it may concern sachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement on the Horse-Nail Machine; and I do hereby declare that the following `is a iull and cxact'description thereof, reference being `had to the accompanying drawings, and to .the letters ot' reference marked thereon.

My invention consists in an improved machine for making horse-nails, so contrived that a bar of metal of indefinite length may pass continuously through it, and thereby beV formed into complete nails, straightened and pointed, all ready for use, by means of two series of pairs of working-rolls, one series for the side, and the other for the edge of the nail, the rolls of each successive pair being larger-"than the preceding ones, in proportiointo' the increasing length of` the forming nail', as it advances through the niachine, towardits completion, and by means of a pair of gears, having their teeth and spaces so formed that a nail, being placed into one ot' the spaces, will he pressed by a tooth of the other gear ot' the pair,

into the proper form for use, pointing, so called, ncludedm By means, also, ot' a suit-able device, consisting of two rolls, to take the nail as it leaves the workingl rolls, and throw it into the press-gear.

of the forming nail, as it advances through the lnachine, while the number ot" spaces in the sides of the rolls,for the formation of the nails is the same in each roll ofthe machine. v

The second feature of my .invention rclatesto the device for straightening and vpointing the nails, and consists in so constructing a pair ot' press-gears, that when a nail is placed in one ot' the spaces between the' teeth of one ofthe gears, and one of the teeth ot' the other gear presses on to it, as the two gears mesh together, that the nail shall be thereby straightened, and the point`hent into the proper form for use. f

The third feature of my invention relates to the device for throwing or carrying the nail from the working-rolls to the press-gears, and consists in two rolls, placed between the last pair of working-rolls and the press-gears, soiarranged that they will receive the nail from the working-rolls, and throw it into one ofthe spaces between the teeth ofthe pressgear.

Referring to my drawings, I will here state that cach letter of reference denotes the same part, whereever it may occur in the several drawings; thatthc place of each section is marked -by a red line, and each-section is marked hy-a red letter, corresponding to `the vone on the line, and that the gears, exce'pt the press -gears, arc drawn to the pitch-line only. Y

`Figure 1, sheet l, is a Vpcrpcndiculzn section oi' the part ot' the machine which converts the bar of metal into nails, through the red line A; also shows a crosssection-ot' the rolls, which carry the nails from thel working-rolls to the press-gears.

Figure 2 shows a view of the cud of the machine where the nail-har enters.

Figure 3 is an edge view of the bar, in its diiierent stages of conversion into nails.

Figure 4, sheet 2, is a horizontal section of' the. machine, in the red line '1).

Figure isa side lelevation of the part of the machine containing the device for throwing or carrying the nail from the working-rolls to the press-gears.

Figure 6 is a side view of the nail-bar, showing the different stages of formation into nails, as it passes through the machine.

--Figure 7, sheet 3, is a perpendicular section in the red line C, through the largeI press-gear, the carrying` the press-gears, feeding-ariangemcnt, ydic.

'Figure l10 is a section in the red lines E, in the pitch-line ot' the large press-gear, showing the forni of the spaces to receive the nails, also showing thc nails in part ot' these spaces.` v

` A is the frame, to which the machinery is attached.l

B B C U' D Dcompose the series otworking-rolls, which form theedges of the nails.

E E F 1*" Gf compose the seriesi'or the formation ofthe sides ofthe nails.

' His the gear on the shai't I, which runs the working-rolls, which form the edges ot the nails.

J is the gear on the shaft Ii, connected with the gear H, and running the working-rolls, which form 'the sides of' the nails.

L is a gear, attached to the. working-roll y, and opcach pair of the other series of' working-rolls.

Tinl cone-gears j I on thc shaft l work into thc gear-sj' L' Z', thereby giving motion to one series of the working-rolls, and the cone-gears m n o, on the shaft K, work into the gears m vn o', thereby giving motion to the other series of working-rolls, and the gear a, on the shaft of the roll b, works into the intermediate gear a', which moves the gear q on shaft M,

l ou to which is fastened afeed-screw, fr, which gives au intermittent motion to the press-gears N N.

The pitch-line size, and the relative positions of these gears a a' and q,are shown in red in iig. 7.

s is the shaft of the' press-gearN, and s s are the boxes for the same. v A

t is the shaft, for the press-gear N, and t t are the boxes for the same. v

u is a spring, pressing the box u on to the shaft of the carrying-roll 1).

e 'u fr, Cre., are the nails.

aff, the nail-bar. t

In describing the operation of my machine, it is propel' here to say that? each working-roll of any pair is so connected to the other by gears at their ends, that they must turn the same number of rounds, and this may be said of every working-roll in the machine, as they all revolve on'their axes with a uniformity of motion, and, in the same time, as the two gears H and J on the shafts I and K are the same size, and

all the cone-gears on these shafts, and all the cone# gears into which they work on the"working-rolls, are alike in size.

The two Arolls b b' are connected at one end by two gears ff', of the samel size, to insure uniformity of motion.

At the other end the roll b is connected with thel working-roll g', througlr the gears L and a., in such manner as to give these carrying-rolls a greater speed than the working-rolls.

Anintermittent 4motion is given to the press-gear N, for the purpose of having itJ at rest, while the nail is thrown into the space between its teeth, by the carrying-rolls tlf, and 'it moves around the space of one tooth,in the intermediate time between the throwing of the nails.

rlhis intermittent motion is effected by having the feed-screw thread fr straight or parallel to its motion, through half of its circumference, and the other half in the form of a screw, as shown in 'the surface view at lr', fig. 9, and the screw part also at fr, thereby imparting motion to the gear N, during half the revolution of said feed-screw.

rI here is a thin metallic plate, y, shown at figs. 7 and 9,itted close against the teeth of the gear N, and extending from thc place where thenails are thrown into'the gear to the gear N.

The purpose of this is to hold the nails in their places between the teeth, until they reach the other press-gear.

A view in section of the press-gears is shown at fig. 8, showing the forms and positions of the parts which do the pressing; also, showing a nail in the gears while being pressed into its proper form.

The roll l) receives its motion through the gear a,

' which is driven by the gear L, attached tothe rollG,

and the two rolls b b are connected by the gears ff', of the same size, the pitch-lines of which are shown in red ink in lig. 5. The gear Ijis much larger than the gear u, giving the rolls b b', a greater mot-ion than the working-rolls.

rlhe working-rolls ,l B', C (j, l) D, have four grooves or spaces cut out in the sides, from one end to the other, suitable for the length and shape of the edges of the forming nails, corresponding to the length of four nails, around theeircumference of the rolls, and as the nails (or metal of which they are forn'1ing,) are draw n longer, by passing between the rolls B B', the rolls C C' must be larger, and their four spaces wider than these to correspond to the increased length of the nails,"1n order that these secondi rolls in the series contribute to the formation of the nails, by said forming-nails passing between them, and for the same reason the rolls I) 1) must be Elarger than the rolls C C', and in like manner in theother series Il E', F F', (lr G', for the formation of the sides of the nails, the size of the rolls must increase, to correspond to the increasing length of the forming nails, as they advance between the rolls fbom one end of the machine to the other.i

rlhis varied size of the different working-rolls from one end of the machine to the other should agree accurately with the increasing length ofthe nail, so that when a nail approaches any pair of rolls, it will agree lin length with the wiiit-h of any space it meets in the sidesv of said rolls. Y

Having described thc difierent-parts and various devices of my machine, IV will decrihe its general operation.

The iron used for horse-nails should be of the best quality. Swedish iro'n is commonly used. It should be accurately rolled or drawntlnough a wire plate, to about the size ot' the head part of t-he nail, and then well`annealed, and the scale taken off by placing it in a. bath, made of a solution of sulphuric acid and water, and afterward cleaned from all remains of acid by lime-water, or any other known way.

Ilcing thus prepared, `the iron may be wound on to a reel, and from that run through the machine, by passing first through between the working-rolls B B', thereby doing the iirst work in the formation ofthe edges of the nails.

Next, it is passed between the rolls E E', which do the lirst work in the formation of the sides of the nails. rIhen, successively, it .passes between the rolls C C', l? F, I) D, and G Gr', which last finishes the. nails, so

.far as the size of each part of the nail is concerned,

but they may not be straight, and the point needs to be bent a little to one side, to give it anincline outward, toward the outside of the hoot', as it passes into the same, in nailing on the shoe, therefore, I have invented the device before described, for straighteningand pointing the nails, after 'they pass'through the working-rolls.

rIhe head of each nail is separated from the point of the one which follows it by the rolls G G', by a device previonsly patented by me, and when so separated, it is taken between the rolls l) b', carried into one of the spaces between the teeth of the pressgear N.

One of these roils, l), has boxes uover its bearings, which are pressed on to the bearings by springs u, as shown in section in iig. 5.

When the nail is thrown into the space in the gear N, it is held in its place by a shield, y, and kept there as the gear turns, until it is pressed into its proper form by a tooth of the other press-gear N, after passing-.between these press-gears, and thereby straight cned and pointed, it is dropped ont as finished and ready for use..

'lhe working-rolls may have three, four, tive, or any convenient number of spaces in their sides, for the formation of nails, but in each case all of them havel the same nmnberof spaces.

I do not confine myselfto three pairs of workingrolls in each series, as some kinds of iron may require a greater number of rolls than other kinds, and again, it maybe needful, in some cases, to have two or three niachines to complete vthe' work, giving the opportunity of annealing the iron, after ruiming through one or more machines, and the work beingpartlydone before the nails are completed by a second or third machine.

Having thus fully described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is4

1. In horse-nail machines, two series of pairs of working-rolls, one series placed at right angles tov the other, each with a progressive increase of size from the be'ginning pair, and formed and constructed with longitudinal gr'ofovedu surfaces, as described, so that they shall have the same size and form throughout their whole length, and having working-surfaces such, that each pair shall Work on the opposite sides only, or opposite edges only, of the nail, while it isbeing formed, as it passes between them, substanltially in the manner described, and for `the purpose set forth. v

2. The combination of the cutting-rolls G G', transfern'ngf-rolls b b', and' press-gears, as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In machines for making nails for horseshoes, the

intermittingly rotary press-gears N and N, operating in conjunction to form a series of dies,-iu which to straighten and incline thel point of' a nail, otherwise completed, substantially as set forth.

4. In horse-nail machines, the irregular screivvf, in combination with the press-gears N and N', for inn-` partiug t-o said gears an alternate motion and rest, as and for the purpose set forth.

WILLIAM WIGKllRSHAilI.

Witnesses Axl). PARKER, JAMES R. GARRET. 

